A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of your colon (large intestine) and rectum using a long, flexible tube with a tiny camera at the end.

What Can a Colonoscopy Detect?

A colonoscopy can help diagnose and sometimes treat conditions such as:

• Colon polyps (growths that can become cancerous)
• Colorectal cancer
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Diverticulosis or diverticulitis
• Sources of unexplained bleeding or chronic diarrhea

Colonoscopy is not just diagnostic—it’s preventive. Doctors can remove polyps before they turn into cancer.

📊 Fact: According to the American Cancer Society, regular colonoscopies can reduce colorectal cancer deaths by up to 68%.

Who Should Get a Colonoscopy?

• Adults aged 45 and older (even without symptoms)
• People with a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
• Individuals with chronic digestive issues like IBD
• Patients with unexplained abdominal pain or rectal bleeding

Preparation is key for a successful colonoscopy.

Before the Procedure

• Diet changes: Switch to a low-fiber diet 2–3 days before
• Clear liquids: Stick to broths, juices, and clear drinks the day before
• Bowel prep solution: Drink a prescribed laxative to empty the colon
• Medication review: Inform your doctor about any blood thinners, diabetes medications, or supplements

💡 Tip: Staying near a bathroom during the prep is a must—the laxatives work quickly.

• You’ll be given sedation or anesthesia for comfort
• The doctor inserts the colonoscope into the rectum and guides it through the colon
• The camera transmits images to a monitor for real-time evaluation
• If polyps or abnormal tissues are found, they can be removed or biopsied immediately
• The entire process usually takes 30–60 minutes